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Friday, June 29, 2012

Sculpture in Ancient Greece

Thanks to 25 years of research by an international team of scholars that was originally launched at Harvard University's Arthur M. Sackler Museum in the U.S., we can now see how ancient Greek and Roman artworks really looked like during that time period.

Researchers argue that back in the time of their creation, Roman and Greek monuments were vibrant and multi-coloured. It is simply that centuries of deterioration have removed any trace of the pigments.

Information taken from Tech E Blog.



In Time Trip Adventure 1, one of the first things Zammie notices when he and Kyla arrive in Delphi is that the buildings, sculptures, and statues are not the gray and dreary stone that he has seen in his text books or on websites. They are painted in bright, vibrant colors which add another layer of artistic expression to the already impressive carvings.

 

Temple of Apollo

What the Temple of Apollo in Delphi looks like today -


What it may have looked like in 480 B.C. -


Ancient Greece covered in Adventure 1


art by Giovanni Ruggero


TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 4
KILLING FOR COUNTRY  
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 1
THE JOURNEY TO ANCIENT GREECE 
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 2
A RIDE ON THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 3
WITNESS TO THE FIRST THANKSGIVING 
Available at Amazon.com!  


Thursday, June 28, 2012

Xerxes the Great


Xerxes, the "Great King" of the Persians was obsessed with conquering the Greeks. His father, Darius I, had embarked on a similar mission but was defeated at Marathon in 490 B.C. Herodotus, in his Histories, tells us about the plans of the Great King:

"My intent is to throw a bridge over the Hellespont and march an army through Europe against Greece, that thereby I may obtain vengeance from the Athenians for the wrongs committed by them against the Persians and against my father. Your own eyes saw the preparations of Darius against these men; but death came upon him, and balked his hopes of revenge. In his behalf, therefore, and in behalf of all the Persians, I undertake the war, and pledge myself not to rest till I have taken and burnt Athens, which has dared, unprovoked, to injure me and my father.

. . .For these reasons, therefore, I am bent upon this war; and I see likewise therewith united no few advantages. Once let us subdue this people, and those neighbours of theirs who hold the land of Pelops the Phrygian, and we shall extend the Persian territory as far as God's heaven reaches. The sun will then shine on no land beyond our borders; for I will pass through Europe from one end to the other, and with your aid make of all the lands which it contains one country."


In 480 B.C., Xerxes (who ruled from 486 to 465) was victorius at Thermopylae and Artemisium. He also sacked Athens but encountered a major setback at Salamis. In the above photograph, we see Xerxes on a relief honoring his father, Darius I (also known as "The Great"). The relief was originally located in Persepolis, on the north stairs of the audience hall (Apadana). It is now maintained in Tehran, Iran, at the National Archaeological Museum.

So what "wrongs" exactly were committed against Xerxes' father Darius?

To find the answer we go back to the Battle of Marathon in 490 B.C. The Battle of Marathon took place during (and actually ended) the first Persian invasion of Greece (492-490 B.C.), and was a response to Greek involvement in the Ionian Revolt.

The Ionian Revolt was when Athens and Eretria had sent a force to support the cities of Ionia (which was an ancient region of central coastal Anatolia in present-day Turkey) in their attempt to overthrow Persian rule. The Athenians and Eretrians had succeeded in capturing and burning Sardis (which was an ancient city at the location of modern Sart in Turkey's Manisa Province -- Sardis was the capital of the ancient kingdom of Lydia, one of the most important cities of the Persian Empire), but were then forced to retreat with heavy losses. In response to this raid, Darius swore to burn down Athens and Eretria. At the time of the battle, Sparta and Athens were the two largest city states (or poleis) in Greece.

In addition to punishing the Greek poleis of Athens and Eretria, Darius also saw the opportunity to extend his empire into Europe, and to secure its western frontier. The first campaign in 492 B.C., led by Mardonius, re-subjugated Thrace and forced Macedon to become a client kingdom of Persia. However, further progress was prevented when Mardonius's fleet was wrecked in a storm off the coast of Mount Athos.

The following year, having demonstrated his intentions, Darius sent ambassadors to all parts of Greece, demanding their submission. He received it from almost all of them, excepting Athens and Sparta, both of whom executed the ambassadors. With Athens still defiant, and Sparta now effectively at war with him, Darius ordered a further military campaign for the following year.


Battle at Marathon
After his defeat at Marathon, Darius was still fully intent on conquering Greece and to secure the western part of his empire. Athens also remained unpunished for its role in the Ionian Revolt, and both Athens and Sparta were unpunished for their treatment of the Persian ambassadors. Darius therefore began raising a new army with which he meant to completely subjugate Greece; however, in 486 B.C., his Egyptian subjects revolted, indefinitely postponing any Greek expedition.

Darius then died whilst preparing to march on Egypt, and the throne of Persia passed to his son Xerxes I. Xerxes crushed the Egyptian revolt, and very quickly re-started the preparations for the invasion of Greece. This expedition was finally ready by 480 B.C., and the second Persian invasion of Greece thereby began, under the command of Xerxes himself. 


TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 4
KILLING FOR COUNTRY  
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 1
THE JOURNEY TO ANCIENT GREECE 
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 2
A RIDE ON THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 3
WITNESS TO THE FIRST THANKSGIVING 
Available at Amazon.com!  

Athens Falls to the Persians

Athens Falls to the Persians, 480 B.C.


"The Sack of Athens" by JOHN RUSH

The Persian armies of Xerxes overran Athens in September of 480 B.C. Prior to the invasion, it is believed the Athenian women and children were sent to Troezen for safety on the instructions of the Athenian statesman Themistocles.

In Time Trip #1, Argo's father has been recruited for Greek military service to help repel the Persian threat while his mother has moved on to Troezen with the rest of the evacuees. Because of this, it is up to Argo to go alone and find his missing sister who was kidnapped and sold into slavery.


TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 4
KILLING FOR COUNTRY  
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 1
THE JOURNEY TO ANCIENT GREECE 
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 2
A RIDE ON THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 3
WITNESS TO THE FIRST THANKSGIVING 
Available at Amazon.com!  

Wednesday, June 27, 2012

Beware of Scylla

Beware of Scylla . . . 




artwork by ~BLeMinh

Greek mythology covered in Adventure 1


TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 4
KILLING FOR COUNTRY  
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 1
THE JOURNEY TO ANCIENT GREECE 
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 2
A RIDE ON THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 3
WITNESS TO THE FIRST THANKSGIVING 
Available at Amazon.com!  



The Oracle Awaits

The Oracle awaits . . .




artwork by Hon John Collier

Greek religion covered in Adventure 1


TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 4
KILLING FOR COUNTRY  
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 1
THE JOURNEY TO ANCIENT GREECE 
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 2
A RIDE ON THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD
Available at Amazon.com!

TIME TRIP ADVENTURE 3
WITNESS TO THE FIRST THANKSGIVING 
Available at Amazon.com!  

Adventure 1 Launch Date


 The official release date for Time Trip Adventure 1 approaches!

Links to Amazon for the FREE download
will be posted on this site by Monday, July 2!

Tuesday, June 26, 2012

About this book series . . .

Time Trip is an ebook series available for Kindle on Amazon.com. It's geared for young adult readers (ages 12 and up) but can be enjoyed by people of all ages. The stories follow the time traveling adventures of middle school students Kyla and Zammie as they bare witness to many of history's most amazing, inspirational, and terrifying moments.


Journey with them as they see the conquest of Mexico at the hands of Hernán Cortés, as they help with the rebuilding of a shattered home in Japan after the falling of a nuclear bomb, and as they ride on the Underground Railroad with Harriet Tubman.


The Time Trip series strives to offer two things to its readers:
  1. A rich understanding of history that is well-researched and engaging.
  2. Relentless adventure that delivers stories with the humor, excitement, tension, and wonder that human history deserves.
The complete Adventure 1: The Journey to Ancient Greece is now available in PDF format as a FREE download. In this volume Kyla and Zammie help a young Athenian farm boy track down his enslaved sister in 480 B.C. just before the second Persian invasion.


Be entertained while learning something along the way. Feel free to post thoughts, questions, or suggested subject ideas on this blog or on the Facebook fan page.


Also be sure and follow author Jason McKenney on Twitter.


With each adventure, we believe this series will continue to evolve into something very special, and we hope you'll stay along for the ride.

Monday, June 25, 2012

Time Trip: Adventure 1 - Sample


The following is an excerpt from the first adventure in the Time Trip series, The Journey to Ancient Greece.

From Chapter 2
Zammie opened his eyes and felt like he had just woken up from a long nap.  He felt dazed and groggy. He thought, Why is my room so hot? He sat up and rubbed his head until it stopped spinning. When his vision finally came into focus he didn’t fully understand what it was he was looking at. The scenery was beautiful but what happened to his room?
Zammie was outside lying in a grassy pasture.  He looked around and saw Kyla still asleep nearby on the ground.  Her long black hair was still in a ponytail, but she was wearing a strange white cloak that looked a little like a plain bed sheet.  Zammie looked down at himself and discovered he was wearing strange clothes as well. He had on a white tunic that went down to his knees, a leather belt, and leather sandals with straps around his ankles.
          “A tunic?  Kyla!”  Zammie stood up and tried to run over to Kyla but his knees wobbled and he fell back down into the thick, green grass. He could smell the clover and pollen in the sticky, humid air.  He stood up again slowly and took a couple deep breaths then walked over to Kyla.  She was also beginning to wake up.
          “What happened? Where are we?” Kyla asked.
          “I dunno,” said Zammie.  “But we got some weird clothes on.” 
          “It’s hot out here,” said Kyla.  “Let’s go inside.”
          Zammie stood up and began looking around but he didn’t recognize anything.  There were no buildings or streets, just green pastures and rolling hills and some sheep chewing on grass off in the distance.  The sky was as blue as he had ever seen and there were few clouds overhead.  The sun was beaming down brightly causing him to squint when he looked around.
          “Where are we?” asked Kyla again. “Where’s your house?”
          “I don’t know, Kyla.”  But he did see someone walking down the hill nearby.  It looked like a little boy so Zammie took a few steps in his direction.
          “Hello!” said Zammie waving his arms.
          The boy stopped walking and looked at Zammie. Then he began walking towards Zammie and Kyla. He was carrying a brown woolen bag slung over his right shoulder like Santa Claus. Kyla thought it looked like a potato sack.
          Kyla stood up and asked, “Who is that?”
          “Maybe he can help us,” said Zammie.
          The young boy had brown, curly hair and was smiling as he approached the cousins.  He looked to be a couple years older than Zammie and he stood a couple inches taller. He was wearing a tunic similar in design to Zammie’s but his was well worn and a little dirty. Zammie and Kyla’s clothes appeared to be brand new.
          “Hello,” he said to Zammie.  “What are you two doing out here by yourselves?”
          “Uh…we’re not sure,” said Zammie. “I mean, we’re not sure where we are.”
          “This is the region of Phocis,” said the boy. “My name is Argo.”
          “Phocis? But that’s impossible,” said Zammie.
          “Impossible?” asked Argo.
          “Where’s Foh-sis, Zammie?” asked Kyla.
          “It’s a region in Greece,” said Zammie.
          “How did you two get all the way out here?” asked Argo. “There isn’t another town near here for miles.”
          “I don’t know,” said Zammie.
          “That statue!” exclaimed Kyla.
          Zammie looked at her with big eyes. “You’re right!”
          “It was magic!” said Kyla.
          “A magic statue?” asked an even more confused Argo.
          “Nevermind,” said Zammie. “It’s a long story.”
          “Oh. Well, if it’s magic you’re after then you’re welcome to follow me.  I’m going to visit the Oracle.”
          “The Oracle . . .” said Zammie. “At Delphi?”
          “That’s the one. It’s a few miles further this way.”  Argo pointed towards a large mountain in the distance.
          “Miles?” asked Zammie. “How do you know what miles are? And why aren’t you speaking Greek?”
          “What do you mean?  I am speaking Greek, as are you.”
          Zammie and Kyla looked blankly at each other. “This is crazy,” said Zammie.
          “You’re free to travel with me if you wish, or not.  But I need to go.  Time is running out for me.”
          Argo continued on his way again leaving Zammie and Kyla behind. 
          “We’d better go with him,” Zammie said.
          “Where are we Zammie? How do we get home?”
          “I don’t know.  But maybe we can ask the Oracle for help.  Let’s go.”
          Zammie and Kyla caught up with Argo. “Argo, we want to go with you to Delphi,” said Zammie.
          “Great,” said Argo. “I’ve been travelling by myself for the past four days so it will be nice to have company.”
          “Four days?!” exclaimed Zammie. 
          “I know it’s a short trip.  But I still miss having someone else to talk to,” said Argo.
          “A short trip?” replied Zammie.  “Argo...nevermind.  Lead the way to Delphi, please.”
          Kyla and Zammie walked with Argo towards the large, gray mountain that loomed in the distance. The scenery was spectacular, but the humidity was oppressive causing both Kyla and Zammie to sweat profusely as they walked.
          “Where did you say you were from?” asked Argo. “You don’t have the appearance of someone from this area.”
          “A place called California,” said Zammie. “It’s very far from here.”
          “California? I’ve never heard of it. Is it near Egypt?”
          “Not quite,” said Zammie.
          “What d’you got in the bag?” asked Kyla.
          “Olives and dates from our farm.”
          “Are you going to sell them?” asked Zammie.
          “No, I will give them to the Oracle. They require a sacrifice from anyone expecting advice. This is from the best crop my family has and I hope it will be accepted.”
“What is it you’re asking for exactly?” asked Zammie.
“Advice to find my sister,” answered Argo.  “I need to find my sister.”
          “What happened to her?” asked Kyla.
          “It’s a long story, but right now she’s being held as a slave in the city of Patras.”
          “A slave?” asked Kyla.
          “Why don’t you go there and save her?” asked Zammie.
          “It’s not that easy, Zammie.  My family lives on a farm near Athens, and we are being split up because of the armies invading from Persia.”
          “Split up?” asked Zammie.
          “Yes, my father is going off to war with part of the sailing fleet, and my mother and I are being moved to the city of Troezen.”
          “Why?” asked Kyla.
          “Evacuation,” said Zammie.  “The Athenian women and children were evacuated from Athens to Troezen to be protected from the Persian army while the men went to war.  That means this must be about 480 B.C.”
          “Wow,” whispered Kyla.
          “I’m not sure what ‘B.C.’ means, but it sounds like you know a few things about Athens,” said Argo.
          “Yeah, I just wrote a report on that for school,” replied Zammie.
          “Oh, I wish I was able to go to school,” said Argo. “My family has little money for schooling so I have to help my parents with our farm. But you can see why I have to find my sister on my own. My father will be at war and my mother barely has the strength to move to Troezen.  She wouldn’t be able to make the trip to Patras.  And if there’s going to be war, I want my sister to be with the rest of us.” 
          “How will you get to Patras?” asked Zammie.
          “I’m not sure yet.  I want to make sure I get the blessing of the Oracle first.”
          “You think she’ll say no?” asked Kyla.
          “She won’t actually say ‘no’ or ‘yes’,” said Argo with a grin.  “She will only give advice in symbols and I’ll have to decipher it correctly for myself.”
          The three kids continued to walk along the small path that led towards the mountain.  Off in the distance they could see more people near a small town at the steppes of the mountain.  That was the town of Delphi.


Look for the full FREE ebook download, Time Trip Adventure 1: The Journey to Ancient Greece at Amazon.com for Kindle in July!

Who was Arjuna?

In Indian mythology, Arjuna was the greatest warrior on earth and a key historical figure in the Hindu scriptures. Arjuna, whose name means 'bright', 'shining', 'white' or 'silver' was such a peerless archer that he was often referred to as Vishnu the Unbeatable. Arjuna was also a skillful student who had an amazing gift for concentration and focus.


In the Time Trip universe, the small, animatronic statue given to Zammie by Mister G holds wonderous powers for teaching. In addition to learning about the past through first-hand experience, Zammie and Kyla must also figure out how the Arjuna's magic works, why it works differently for different people, and how they can control it.


Photo of the Arjuna statue in Indonesia from Flickr.

The Time Trip ebook series begins this summer . . .